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  <h2>python/路飞项目/1-项目基础/3-luffy后台</h2>



  <p class="post-date">2020-02-26</p>
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    <section class="markdown-content"><h2 id="后台：Django项目创建"><a href="#后台：Django项目创建" class="headerlink" title="后台：Django项目创建"></a>后台：Django项目创建</h2><h3 id="环境"><a href="#环境" class="headerlink" title="环境"></a>环境</h3><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">为luffy项目创建一个虚拟环境</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">&gt;: mkvirtualenv luffy</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">按照基础环境依赖</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">&gt;: pip install django==2.0.7</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">&gt;: pip install djangorestframework</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">&gt;: pip install pymysql</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h3 id="创建项目"><a href="#创建项目" class="headerlink" title="创建项目"></a>创建项目</h3><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">前提：在目标目录新建luffy文件夹</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">&gt;: cd 建立的luffy文件夹</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">&gt;: django-admin startproject luffyapi</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">开发：用pycharm打开项目，并选择提前备好的虚拟环境</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h2 id="重构项目目录"><a href="#重构项目目录" class="headerlink" title="重构项目目录"></a>重构项目目录</h2><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">├── luffyapi</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">	├── logs/				# 项目运行时/开发时日志目录 - 包</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    ├── manage.py			# 脚本文件</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    ├── luffyapi/      		# 项目主应用，开发时的代码保存 - 包</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">     	├── apps/      		# 开发者的代码保存目录，以模块[子应用]为目录保存 - 包</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">        ├── libs/      		# 第三方类库的保存目录[第三方组件、模块] - 包</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    	├── settings/  		# 配置目录 - 包</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">			├── dev.py   	# 项目开发时的本地配置</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">			└── prod.py  	# 项目上线时的运行配置</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">		├── urls.py    		# 总路由</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">		└── utils/     		# 多个模块[子应用]的公共函数类库[自己开发的组件]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">    └── scripts/       		# 保存项目运营时的脚本文件 - 文件夹</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h2 id="配置开发环境"><a href="#配置开发环境" class="headerlink" title="配置开发环境"></a>配置开发环境</h2><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">1.修改 wsgi.py 与 manage.py 两个文件：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"># manage.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'luffyapi.settings.dev')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"># wsgi.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'luffyapi.settings.prod')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"># manage_prod.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'luffyapi.settings.prod')</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">2.将settings.py删除或改名，内容拷贝到settings/dev.py中</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">3.修改dev.py文件内容</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">USE_TZ = False</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">4.修改启动配置：见插图</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">5.在任何一个__init__.py文件中测试默认配置文件是否是dev.py文件</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">from django.conf import settings</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">print(settings)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string">"""</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

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